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Free State of Brunswick
The Free State of Brunswick ((ドイツ語:Freistaat Braunschweig)) was a state of the German Reich in the time of the Weimar Republic. It was formed after the abolition of the Duchy of Brunswick in the course of the German Revolution of 1918–19. Its capital was Braunschweig (Brunswick).
== History ==
The Duchy of Brunswick had been established after the 1814 Congress of Vienna, as a sovereign successor state of the German Confederation.〔Gerhard Schildt: ''Von der Restauration zur Reichsgründungszeit'', in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), ''Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region'', Braunschweig 2000, pp. 751–753〕 It roughly comprised the incoherent territory of the former Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, stretching from Holzminden on the Weser River in the west to Blankenburg in the Harz mountain range and Calvörde in the east.〔Wolfgang Meibeyer: ''Die Landesnatur. Territorium - Lage - Grenzen'', in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), ''Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region'', Braunschweig 2000, p. 23〕
The Brunswick territory was largely surrounded by the Prussian provinces of Hanover (the former Kingdom of Hanover) and Saxony.〔 From 1913 it was ruled by Duke Ernest Augustus of the House of Hanover.〔Klaus Erich Pollmann (2000): ''Das Herzogtum im Kaiserreich (1871–1914)'', in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), ''Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region'', Braunschweig 2000, pp. 821–830〕
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